Camphor

Camphor (Kapur) is really a wax-like, white or even clear solid possessing a powerful as well as savory smell. It includes several qualities which shapes a sound body. It provides stimulant, anti-spasmodic, anti-septic, decongestant, anesthetic, sedative, anti-inflammatory, disinfectant as well as insecticide values. Earlier civilization utilized to burn up this particular solid in small plates as part of their everyday prayer. It assisted to purify the air whilst keeping away the dangerous viruses and bacteria from damaging the body.

Listed here are several health advantages of Camphor

1. Stimulates the digestive system

Camphor has been utilized in Ayurveda to promote the digestive system since it works well for secreting numerous juices and also enzymes necessary for digestion of food.

2. Anti-oxidant properties

Researches on Karpur extracts have demonstrated considerable anti-oxidant actions. Anti-oxidants are the ones bio-chemicals that really help in lessening the entire process of oxidation which can lead to the creation of free-radicals. Free-radicals are the ones chemicals which could disrupt tissues as well as cells within our body and also result in diabetes, liver diseases, and cardiovascular diseases and in many cases, even cancer.

3. Anti-inflammatory properties

Karpur has been utilized in conventional medications just like Ayurveda and also traditional Chinese medicine for the long time to halt muscular pains as well as rheumatism. Research on the extracts have demonstrated the anti-inflammatory qualities of Karpur, that has not been restricted to muscular pains however in decreasing levels of cholesterol too.

4. Anti-microbial and insecticidal properties

The extracts of Camphor leaves were tested because of their anti-microbial qualities that produced great results in managing bacterial as well as fungal stresses to the significant extent. Aside from anti-microbial qualities, a number of the important oils have got insecticidal qualities too. Therefore, an age old practice of utilizing Camphor just as one anthelmintic drug in Ayurveda is clinically confirmed.

5. Protection against harmful chemicals like Atrazine

Research on camphor or even karpur extracts reveal that they are able to control geno toxicity or even toxins which affect in the genetic level. Animal tests have demonstrated that administering camphor extracts pre and post exposure to such chemicals decreased the potential risk of genotoxicity to the significant amount.

6. Stimulant & Diaphoretic

Camphor oil is an efficient stimulant, which reinforces the experience of the circulatory system, metabolism, digestion, secretion and excretion. This particular property works well for dealing with problems as well as health conditions related to improper circulation, digestion of food, sluggish or even over active metabolic rates, blocked secretions, along with a wide selection of other less frequent situations.

7. Antiseptic, Disinfectant, Insecticide, and Germicide

Camphor oil is a wonderful disinfectant, insecticide as well as germicide. It may be included with drinking water to sanitize it, especially throughout the summer as well as in rainy months when there is a greater possibility of water becoming contaminated. An open bottle or even container of camphor oil, or even burning a bit of cloth soaked in camphor oil, pushes away insects as well as kills germs. A drop or even two of camphor oil, combined with a sizable amount of food grains, maintain those food products protected from insects. Camphor is additionally utilized in several healthcare formulations just like ointments as well as lotion to avoid skin diseases, in addition to bacterial as well as fungal infections on the skin. Whenever combined into bathing water, camphor oil disinfects the complete body outwardly and kills lice or any other tiny parasites of bugs that could be in your body.

8. Decongestant

The powerful, penetrating aroma of camphor oil is really an effective decongestant. It instantly reduces blockage of the bronchi, larynx, pharynx, nasal tracts and also lungs. Therefore, it is utilized in several decongestant balms as well as cold rubs.

9. Anesthetic & Nervous Pacifier

It behaves as an excellent anesthetic and is also extremely effective for local anesthesia. It leads to numbness of the sensory nerves in the area of application. Additionally, it decreases the harshness of nervous disorders as well as convulsions, epileptic attacks, nervousness, as well as chronic anxiety.

10. Antispasmodic

It is just an extremely powerful antispasmodic and provides instant rest from spasms as well as cramps. Additionally it is efficient at healing severe spasmodic cholera.

11. Aphrodisiac

Camphor oil, whenever ingested or even eaten, enhances the libido simply by revitalizing those parts of the brain that are accountable for sexual desires as well as urges. Whenever externally utilized, it will help to stop erectile problems simply by growing blood flow within the affected parts, because it is a strong stimulant.

12. Antineuralgic

Neuralgia, a seriously painful situation is brought on once the Ninth Cranial Nerve is influenced because of swelling of the encircling blood vessels, may be treatable utilizing camphor oil. This particular oil could make the blood vessels contract as well as therefore decrease pressure around the Ninth Cranial Nerve. This really is another use of the sedative and calming qualities of the versatile oil.

13. Narcotic

It will incorporate some narcotic effects, because it quickly desensitizes the nerves and relaxes the brain. It may also make a person lose control over their limbs if drawn in excessive, because it affects brain function. The odor of camphor oil is additionally considerably addicting. Individuals have been observed to develop powerful addictions to smelling camphor oil or even consuming it, so be cautious!

14. Carminative

It is extremely useful in providing comfort for gas problems. Primarily, it doesn’t let gas form as well as secondarily, it successfully eliminates the gases as well as kicks out them in a healthy way.

15. Ant rheumatic, Anti-arthritic & Antiphlogistic

As being a detoxifier along with a stimulant for circulatory system, camphor oil excites blood flow and provides relief to rheumatic diseases, arthritis, and gout. Additionally it is regarded as an antiphlogistic, which is, it lowers the swelling of parts of the body. This really is another advantageous effect of a good circulation.

16. Treatment for Cough and cold

Camphor, whenever heated along with water for around Ten minutes forms an excellent medication so as to treat cough as well as cold. Whenever a person struggling with serious cough as well as cold takes breathes in the steam of camphor and water, can feel relieved. Whenever camphor is breathed in forms an additional covering around the surfaces of the respiratory organs. It will help within the decrease in throat irritation and is also very effective treatments for bronchitis.

17. Medicine for Neurodermatitis

This can be a specific situation of the person’s skin in which the skin will become incredibly scratchy. Additionally, it leads to serious pain if an individual scrapes the area continuously. Whenever an individual is applicable camphor paste onto the skin or even bathes along with camphor dissolved water, this particular discomfort of the skin is significantly reduced. Additionally, it decreases the pain brought on by this particular itching.

18. Curing fungal infection

Skin as well as toe nails are definitely the main regions of occurrence of fungal infections. A combination of camphor as well as water whenever placed on the areas helps you to heal these types of infections.

Beauty benefits of camphor

Camphor has numerous therapeutic qualities. The powerful fragrance of camphor isn’t the only attraction of the chemical. Camphor has been utilized since a long time to deal with skin and hair difficulties. It’s got numerous beauty advantages that are the reason, in Ayurveda numerous beauty treatment therapies is carried out utilizing camphor.

Camphor is really a traditionally used component to deal with acne as well as pimples. Camphor could be mixed and put on skin to eliminate acne along with its dark scars through the skin. If you wish to discover how camphor is wonderful for your skin, then take a look at these beauty advantages of fragrant camphor.

1. Skin itching

Skin problems just like itching as well as irritation may be treatable by making use of camphor around the affected region.

2. Burn scars

Apply burn scars using a bit of camphor mixed in water. Try this the moment every single day to lessen burn scars effortlessly. Just be sure the burn scar just isn’t fresh otherwise it can result in undesirable skin swelling as well as discomfort.

3. Acne

Everybody wants to learn several really efficient treatments to deal with acne as well as pimples. Camphor’s best beauty benefit is it treats acne. Camphor is definitely an anti-inflammatory agent which treats acne and also pimples. Choose camphor oil to deal with acne and pimples since it is more efficient for the treatment of this kind of skin problems.

4. Skin itching

In case you scratch rashes, then simply use a few camphor. Massaging dissolved camphor around the affected area offers immediate rest from skin rashes.

5. Cracked heel

One of many beauty advantages of camphor is it treats cracked as well as rough heels. To make sure good foot care, you are able to soak the feet in camphor as well as water solution for a couple minutes and follow up with a scrub.

6. Hair growth

It really is thought that camphor is wonderful for the hair as well. Whenever combined with various other herbal oils, camphor oil can easily boost hair growth; relax the mind as well as reducing stress. Additionally, it fortifies the hair roots as well as keeps it gleaming. You can include egg or even yogurt to camphor oil to get optimum hair advantages.

7. Treats hair loss

Aside from raising hair growth, camphor benefits the hair simply by combating the loss of hair. Hair loss is a very common issue nowadays. Massaging your scalp as well as hair along with camphor oil is a useful one to combat the loss of hair.

Ayurvedic health benefits of Camphor

  • Camphor in the physical level energizes the heart, breathing pattern, as well as blood circulation.
  • Camphor is beneficial in cases of hypotension or even lower blood pressure level.
  • Camphor works well for clearing of congested lungs, causing us to be breathe easier.
  • Camphor is additionally utilized just as one inhalant.
  • Camphor heats or even cools the body in accordance with our body’s requirements.
  • Camphor oil have been additionally discovered efficient at management of arthritis, muscle aches and is also suitable for use by sportspersons.
  • Camphor cold compresses are impressive in case there is sprains, strains, as well as minor bruises.
  • Topical use of camphor liniment offers rest from blockage.
  • Inhaling the vapor of Camphor provides advantages for clearing the mucous, assisting normal breathing through the elimination of congestion of the lungs, nasal as well as bronchial tracts.  Therefore, it really is among the key components within the creation of lozenges, cold rubs and balms.
  • Due to the antispasmodic actions camphor as well as coconut oil, boiled collectively as well as utilized locally reduces tired worn out muscles, joints, sprains, cramps as well as spasms.
  • Owing to the sedative and stimulating qualities of camphor, rubbing the body along with hot coconut or even sesame oil combined with camphor right before a shower reduces inflammation pains and aches produced by arthritis, gout, osteoarthritis and rheumatism, therefore offering a feeling of rejuvenation. Topical use of this mix provides rest from neuralgia, an unpleasant condition brought on because of swelling of the ninth cranial nerve due to pressurization from the adjoining blood capillaries.
  • Applied topically camphor imparts an awesome icy feeling making numbness as well as decreasing pain.
  • Due to the anti-inflammatory substances use of Camphor oil assists relieve pimples, acne, boils together with pain as well as swelling brought on by gum infection, neuralgia and rheumatism. In Mexico camphor combined with olive oil was a highly effective treatment for neuralgia.
  • Camphor is a well-liked insect as well as moth repellent. Soaking a bit of cloth within camphor oil as well as leaving it in the open helps make the lingering aroma drive away insects just like fleas, mosquitoes as well as flies. The oil is additionally great for rejecting germs from the household as well as for eliminating head lice. Chunks of camphor put on the cupboards assisted repel moths.
  • Camphor oil is great for skin and also removes skin itching, rashes and also inflammation.
  • Camphor is really a fantastic astringent for tightening up the pores and stays a time tested treatment for acne as well as pimples. Camphor keeps skin free of oil and eliminates impurities through the surface offering a fresh glow and improving complexion.
  • Superb cleanser camphor tones the skin so it helps calm scars brought on by burns together with smoothening rough cracked and coarse heels.
  • An excellent treatment for skin conditions camphor ointment/ oil relieves onychomycosis (fungus of the toenails) and the sign of warts, eczema, hives as well as psoriasis.
  • Massaging camphor boiled along with coconut oil assists strengthen the weak roots as well as encourage growth of hair. Because of the substances which motivate the circulation of blood, camphor feeds the hair follicles as well as relieves hair thinning simply by restoring the gloss and sheen of the strands. Combined with Egg/yoghurt or any other herbal oils camphor offers optimum benefits for hair as well as keeps them dandruff free.
  • Camphor is utilized to deal with cold. Most balms available for sale include camphor. You are able to heat a few oil, eucalyptus oil if accessible, melt just a little camphor within it and rub it onto the chest, back as well as forehead. Use this on babies over the age of 6 months. Ayurveda thinks that for infants, it is advisable to treat the lactating mother. In case the mother just isn’t breastfeeding the child, you are able to decrease the camphor to the mere grain as well as rub the oil only around the baby’s back. Alternatively, you can preserve a pot of water using a drop of camphor essential oil and then leave it within the baby’s room.
  • Camphor is actually a rubefacient as well as energizes the dilation of capillaries. It is important for the treatment of rheumatic as well as joint pain. Camphor has active ingredients that will help manage blood pressure level within veins and arteries which encompass joints. Since it has got sedative qualities, it really is utilized in all commercially accessible creams for rheumatism, sprains, bruises, and neuralgia. This particular boosts circulation towards the problem spot and speeds the healing. Therefore, warming sesame/coconut oil with camphor and massaging the body with this particular oil just before a warm shower will give relief to the sore and also aching body.
  • You may use camphor just as one astringent. Take 1 cup of rose water as well as add half its amount of witch-hazel along with tablespoon camphor. Strain and utilize to tighten and tone the skin. To help make the astringent stronger, include a pinch of alum.
  • Store within your fridge some water with a little amount of crushed camphor. Then whenever you want to, simply dip a cotton swab within this water as well as swab the face along with it. Energizing!
  • Here’s an additional beauty tip. You may make a massage oil/cream for every-day use. Heat jointly equivalent quantities of coconut oil as well as lanolin. Then gradually add warm rose water into it. Beat this mixture strongly, including a tablespoon of camphor to create a invigorating massage cream. Camphor helps sweating and is also relaxing.
  • For an excellent night’s sleep, you can include a pinch of edible camphor to warm milk and consume at bedtime.
  • Camphor energizes the secretion of gastric juices and is also utilized in ayurvedic ‘lehyas’ for digestion. For the treatment of vomiting, take edible camphor, cardamom as well as ajwain (caraway seeds) and boil them in water. This is often stored for later use and could be transported when traveling as well as utilized for indigestion, vomiting and diarrhea.
  • Camphor energizes the heart as well as manages respiration. It really is provided to an individual who is collapsing. It restores the pulse beat towards the normal level.
  • Ayurvedic tooth powders includes camphor, simply because they assist eliminate bad smell through the mouth. To deal with painful gums, you are able to combine just a little baking soda, salt along with a pinch of edible camphor and prepare a paste as well as massage your teeth and gums along with it.
  • For treating itchy as well as lice-infested hair, make use of coconut oil in which camphor has been mixed. This really is helpful towards dandruff too.
  • Camphorated oil may be used to get rest from fungus-infected toe nails, even though you should avoid using it on broken skin.

More about Camphor

The majority of products utilize synthetic camphor. It really is produced most often from turpentine, an additional aromatic plant compound with the exact same qualities. A series of chemical reactions is utilized to make a camphor compound, that is then packaged for sale or even utilized in the creation of other goods. Byproducts of the process may be used to produce various other beneficial chemical substances. The majority of manufacturing plants which make synthetic types of the compound handle some other terpenoids too, for optimum effectiveness.

Along with manufacturing uses, camphor additionally seems in certain cultural cuisines, which includes in foods from India and china, even though only in a small amount. Consuming considerable amounts can lead to neurological as well as respiratory difficulties, together with seizures, so when utilized for cookery reasons; it ought to be used with care. Commonly, camphor poisoning seems after somebody has unintentionally ingested a liniment that contains the compound, or even utilized a liniment excessively, resulting in the body to soak up an excessive amount of from the skin. A poison control center needs to be called if a person is starting the signs of poisoning, and when possible, the labeling for the product ingested ought to be saved and provided to the emergency medical professional.

History of Camphor

The term camphor comes from the French term camphre, itself from Medieval Latin camfora, from Arabic kafur, from Sanskrit, karpura. The word eventually was produced from Old Malay kapur barus which suggests “the chalk of Barus”. Barus was the name of a historical port situated close to modern Sibolga city on the western coast of Sumatra island (today North Sumatra Province, Indonesia). This particular port was basically built before the Indian – Batak exchange camphor as well as spices. Traders from India, East Asia as well as the Middle East might utilize the term kapur barus to purchase the dried extracted ooze of camphor trees from local Batak tribesmen; in proto Malay-Austronesian language (Sanskrit adapted-Bataknese alphabets), additionally it is referred to as kapur Barus. Even today, the local tribespeople and also Indonesians generally make reference to naphthalene balls and also moth balls as kapur Barus. For the local tribespeople, the usage of camphor ranges from deodorant, wood-finishing veneer, traditional rituals as well as non-edible chemical preservatives as the camphor tree itself is natively present in that region. The tree, known as “Kamfer” in Indonesian, is additionally recognized for its resistance to exotic termites.

The sublimating ability of camphor provides it with numerous uses. An earlier worldwide trade in it made camphor well regarded all through Arabia in pre-Islamic times, since it is pointed out within the Quran 76:5 like a flavoring for drinks. By the 13th century, it absolutely was utilized in recipes all around the Muslim world, which range from main dishes for instance tharid as well as stew to desserts.

Previously within the 19th century, it absolutely was recognized that with nitric acid, camphor might be oxidized into camphoric acid. Haller and Blanc published a semi synthesis of camphor from camphoric acid, which, even though showing its structure, wouldn’t confirm it. The very first total synthesis for camphoric acid was authored by Gustaf Komppa in 1903. Its beginning materials were diethyl oxalate and 3,3-dimethylpentanoic acid, that responded by Claisen condensation to provide diketocamphoric acid. Methylation along with methyl iodide and a complicated reduction procedure produced camphoric acid. William Perkin published another synthesis a short while later. Formerly, several organic compounds (just like urea) have been synthesized within the laboratory like a evidence of concept, yet camphor was obviously a rare natural product having a worldwide requirement. Komppa recognized this and started industrial manufacture of camphor within Tainionkoski, Finland, in 1907.

Camphor Use

1. Liniment

Include 3 drops of camphor essential oil to 1 ounce of pure grain alcohol. Keep the combination in the glass spray bottle as well as apply at sore muscles, sprains or even areas of arthritis pain is located.

2. Rubs

To create a chest rub use 1 ounce olive oil in a small sauce pan as well as warm. When the olive oil is warm put 2 inch cube of bees wax as well as stir till melted. Eliminate through the heat and also put 3-5 drops of camphor essential oil and blend completely. Pour the mix in a tiny jar and allowed to cool just before putting the lid on and saving at room temperature. This particular rub could keep its benefits for year just before having to be discarded.

3. Bath soaks

There is nothing much better than to sit down in the hot tub of water as well as soak. Including 3-5 drops of camphor essential oil towards the hot water will prove to add much more advantages. The soak will certainly convenience sore muscles as well as open the respiratory cavities to assist in cold and flu relief. Aching joints might take advantage of this a good soaking.

Add camphor essential oil to cold cream recipes to obtain the additional enhance of open nasal passages along with a natural bug repellent that doesn’t try out one’s skin. Discover the essential oil at any kind of herbal store as well as in numerous natural food stores. Several natural items that include camphor oil just like bath salts, rubs, oils, candy and cough drops can be obtained through a health food or even green supermarket.

Other Uses of Camphor

  • Camphor can be used for producing incense.
  • The Chinese utilized camphor for embalming bodies
  • The Chinese lacquer wear included camphor
  • The Chinese utilized camphor in production pigments as well as inks.
  • The earth religions utilized camphor to detox as well as purify holy places and houses of negative vibrations.
  • In incense form, camphor motivates dreams of prophecy as well as divination linked to the Chariot card of Tarot.
  • The bark of the camphor tree was utilized to create chests
  • The ancients utilized Camphor for funeral rites
  • Camphor bits give off fumes as well as form a coating that stops rusting.  As a result, camphor is kept in tool kits.
  • Camphor is actually a compound utilized in creation of fireworks
  • According to folklore using their stinky odor camphor assisted discouraged reptiles and snakes
  • In medieval times in accordance with folklore, individuals wore bags of camphor about their necks to defend against illnesses.
  • Most toothpowders/toothpastes as well as mouthwash include a component of camphor
  • Latin American folk remedy utilized a liniment composed of solution of camphor soaked in wine for the treatment of tumors
  • In India camphor is utilized in religious ceremonies as well as rituals
  • In voodoo rituals, camphor is probably the most holy stuff to supply to the moon goddess on the new moon to thank her for her plentiful blessings. Camphor can also be provided for love and attraction.

Side effects of  Camphor

  • Since camphor is extremely toxic, it shouldn’t be utilized in aroma therapy massage.
  • Overdose of camphor may cause convulsions as well as vomiting.
  • Pregnant women ought to utilize camphor cautiously.
  • Epilepsy as well as asthma patients should stay away from camphor.
  • Overexposure to fumes of camphor could be toxic.
  • You shouldn’t use camphor oil straight to the face or even within the nostrils of asthmatic patients or even young children, since this could cause convulsions, asphyxia, as well as bronchospasms.
  • Avoid heating balms in the micro wave, since they are more likely to result in burns.
  • Consuming camphor can lead to serious effects which includes death. the signs of camphor toxicity consist of vomiting, nausea, burning of the throat as well as mouth, that shows up within 5 minutes to one and a half hours’ time.
  • Camphor just isn’t secure for kids. Exterior use may possibly create negative effects given the sensitive nature of the skin. When taken internally camphor may cause seizures or even death.
  • It is hazardous using products using more than 11% concentrations of camphor
  • Do not utilize undiluted camphor products
  • Avoid suing several teaspoon of camphor solution in water for inhalation
  • Do not use a product that contains camphor on broken skin because it gets soaked up quickly within the body as well as creates poisoning.

Camphor

Stimulant & Diaphoretic: Camphor essential oil is an effective stimulant, which boosts the activity of the circulatory system, metabolism, digestion, secretion and excretion. This property helps in treating problems and ailments associated with improper circulation, digestion, sluggish or overactive metabolic rates, obstructed secretions, and a wide variety of other less common conditions.

Health Benefits of Camphor

Antiseptic, Disinfectant, Insecticide, and Germicide: Camphor oil is an excellent disinfectant, insecticide and germicide. It can be added to drinking water to disinfect it, particularly during the summer and in rainy seasons when there is a higher chance of water becoming infected. An open bottle or container of camphor oil, or burning a piece of cloth soaked in camphor oil, drives away insects and kills germs. A drop or two of camphor oil, mixed with a large quantity of food grains, keep those food items safe from insects. Camphor is also used in many medical preparations such as ointments and lotion to cure skin diseases, as well as bacterial and fungal infections of the skin. When mixed into bathing water, camphor oil disinfects the whole body externally and kills lice or other small parasites of bugs that might be on your body.


Carminative: It is very helpful in giving relief for gas trouble. Primarily, it does not let gas form and secondarily, it effectively removes the gases and expels them in a healthy way.

Anesthetic & Nervous Pacifier: It acts as a good anesthetic and is very effective for local anesthesia. It causes numbness of the sensory nerves at the area of application. It also reduces the severity of nervous disorders and convulsions, epileptic attacks, nervousness, and chronic anxiety.

Antispasmodic: It is a very efficient antispasmodic and gives immediate relief from spasms and cramps. It is also effective at curing extreme spasmodic cholera.

Aphrodisiac: Camphor oil, when consumed or eaten, boosts the libido by stimulating those portions of the brain which are responsible for sexual desires and urges. When externally applied, it helps to cure erectile problems by increasing blood circulation in the affected parts, since it is a powerful stimulant.

Antineuralgic: Neuralgia, a severely painful situation is caused when the Ninth Cranial Nerve is impacted due to swelling of the surrounding blood vessels, can be treated using camphor oil. This oil can make the blood vessels contract and thereby reduce pressure on the Ninth Cranial Nerve. This is yet another application of the sedative and soothing properties of this versatile oil.

Anti-inflammatory and Sedative: The cooling and penetrating effects of camphor oil make it an anti-inflammatory and sedative agent. It is very helpful in curing nearly all types of inflammation, both internal and external. It also relaxes the body and mind while giving a feeling of peace and freshness. It proves to be very cooling and refreshing, particularly in the summer. Camphor oil can also be mixed with bathing water to have that extra sensation of coolness in the summer heat.

Antirheumatic, Anti-arthritic & Antiphlogistic: Being a detoxifier and a stimulant for circulatory system, camphor oil excites blood circulation and gives relief to rheumatic diseases, arthritis, and gout. It is also considered an antiphlogistic, that is, it reduces the swelling of body parts. This is yet another beneficial effect of proper circulation.

Narcotic: It does have some narcotic effects, since it temporarily desensitizes the nerves and relaxes the brain. It can also make a person lose control over their limbs if taken in excess, since it impacts brain function. The smell of camphor oil is also somewhat addictive. People have been seen to develop strong addictions to smelling camphor oil or consuming it, so be careful!

Decongestant: The strong, penetrating aroma of camphor oil is a powerful decongestant. It immediately relieves congestion of the bronchi, larynx, pharynx, nasal tracts and lungs. It is therefore used in many decongestant balms and cold rubs.

Lemon

  • Flush out toxins
  • Improve the delivery of oxygen to cells
  • Accelerate wound healing
  • Curb high fever
  • Prevent and treat infections
  • Neutralize stomach acid
  • Clean and tone skin
  • Flush out bad bacteria
  • Prevent dehydration
  • Boost mood
  • Aid digestion
  • Control blood pressure
  • Improve sleep

Baking Soda

The following are 45 things you can do with baking soda… 45 of the many! Whenever you can, go with aluminum-free baking soda, especially when taking it internally.

1. Keep your fridge fresh. Put an open box of baking soda in your fridge to absorb moisture and odors. Replace the box with a new one every month.

2. Revolutionize your laundry. Add half a cup of baking soda to each load of laundry, along with a natural detergent, to enjoy the cleanest clothing and sheets ever.

3. Make a multipurpose floor cleaner. Mix half a cup of baking soda into a bucket of warm water, and use the mixture to mop your floors. You can also remove scuff marks from tile and laminate floors by putting a bit of baking soda on a damp sponge and gently scrubbing. Rinse floors by mopping with pure water when you’re done.

4. Put out a small fire. When you’re cooking, keep a box of baking soda close at hand. If a small fire erupts, get to a safe distance, and throw cups full of baking soda near the base of the fire. Of course, if the fire is too large or gets out of control, leave the house and call the fire department.

5. Clean the bathrooms. There’s no need for harsh tub and toilet bowl cleaners when you have baking soda. Mix baking soda, coarsely ground salt and natural liquid dish soap into a paste. Apply to tubs, sinks and toilets, let it sit a while, and scrub before rinsing.

6. Clean your dishwasher. To keep your dishwasher clean and smelling fresh, run a load of baking soda through it from time to time.

7. Keep your kitchen free of that garbage scent. Simply pour about a quarter of a cup of baking soda into the bottom of your garbage can to keep those smells from taking over.

8. Get cloth diapers extra clean. To clean cloth baby diapers, soak them in a mixture of about a quarter cup of baking soda to a quart of water before throwing them in the wash.

9. Keep germs off of your sponges. Soak sponges and cleaning rags in a mixture of about one quart of water and three to five tablespoons of baking soda for a couple of hours to get them nice and clean.

10. Deodorize carpets. Sprinkle some baking soda onto your carpets and rugs before vacuuming to get rid of funky smells.

11. Deodorize pet areas. You can sprinkle baking soda in the bottom of litter boxes, underneath the litter, to keep the smell from getting too nasty. You can also deodorize pet beds and areas by sprinkling a bit of baking soda onto them before vacuuming.

12. Clean up grease stains. If you have a grease stain on cement floors or your driveway, pour baking soda over the top before scrubbing. The baking soda will help soak up the grease.

13. Deodorize yourself. Instead of deodorant, rub a little bit of baking soda under your arms. Don’t use too much, to avoid powder on your shirt. Alternately, mix a sprinkle of baking soda with a little bit of coconut oil, and rub under your arms. This should keep you smelling fresh all day.

14. Amplify your shampoo. When you squeeze your favorite natural shampoo into your palm, add about half a teaspoon of baking soda to the mix. This will help remove residue and leave your hair feeling ultra-clean.

15. Degrease your hair between shampoos. No time to shower? Sprinkle a bit of baking soda into your hand and work through your hair, being careful not to get too much on your scalp. This will absorb oil and moisture, and keep your hair looking cleaner until your next shampoo.

16. Replace your mouthwash. Mix a teaspoon of baking soda into a cup of water, and use as a mouthwash to neutralize odors.

17. Whiten teeth. Make a paste using baking soda and water, and use it to brush your teeth. Afterwards, brush with a natural toothpaste, and rinse well. Note: Don’t do this for more than a week, and wait a few months between treatments, so that you don’t wear down your tooth enamel.

18. Clean your brushes and combs. This includes toothbrushes, hair combs and hair brushes. Simply soak overnight in a mixture of half baking soda, half water, and rinse thoroughly in the morning.

19. Remove fingernail stains. Mix equal parts baking soda and peroxide in a small bowl, and gently scrub your nails with the mixture using an old toothbrush. Rinse thoroughly. Over time, this should remove staining.

20. Soothe insect bites. Mix baking soda and water to make a paste, and apply to insect bites to reduce the itching and irritation.

21. Pack in a camping backpack. A baking soda and water paste can also help to soothe the sting of poison ivy, so make sure you bring a box next time you go camping or hiking.

22. Get rid of a splinter. Soak the affected area in a bowl of water with one tablespoon of baking soda. Doing this for a few days, twice a day, will help the splinter to naturally come out on its own, according to Dr. Axe.

23. Exfoliate your skin. Who needs expensive scrubs? Mix a bit of baking soda and water in your palms, and gently scrub your face using a circular motion. Rinse thoroughly. You can also put baking soda on a washcloth in the shower to exfoliate your entire body before you soap up.

24. Diffuse an acne flare up. Make a paste of baking soda and water and apply a bit directly to acne. This will help reduce redness and may help it to clear up faster, because the baking soda aids in drawing out bacteria and dirt.

25. Reduce bloating after meals. Combine half a cup of water, the juice of one fresh lemon and one teaspoon of baking soda in a cup. Stir, wait for fizz to subside a little and drink after a big meal to help relieve bloating and gas.

26. Relieve acid reflux. To help soothe the burn of acid reflux, add a quarter teaspoon of baking soda and two tablespoons of raw, organic apple cider vinegar into a glass of water and drink after meals.

27. Tone down gout pain. To help neutralize uric acid buildup, combine two tablespoons of freshly-squeezed lemon juice and a teaspoon of baking soda, and drink.

28. Make a great foot soak. Relieve swollen, aching feet by mixing three or four teaspoons of baking soda into a tub of warm water. Soak and relax!

29. Soften your hands. Add a teaspoon or two of baking soda to a container of natural liquid hand soap, and use occasionally to exfoliate and soften the skin on your hands.

30. Take a luxurious bath. If your skin is feeling particularly oily, or if you’ve been exercising heavily, add about half a cup of baking soda to a warm bath, along with a few drops of your favorite essential oils, and soak. The baking soda will take care of that oil and sweat.

31. Scrub pots and pans. Add a sprinkle of baking soda to a damp sponge before scrubbing your pots and pans. It will help remove any char that may have accumulated, and get your cookware extra clean.

32. Banish drain odors. Got smelly drains? Baking soda to the rescue. Pour about half a cup of baking soda down the drain while water is running, or add some while you run your garbage disposal. Problem solved!

33. Polish the silver. Mix about three tablespoons of baking soda to one tablespoon of water, dip a clean cloth in the mixture, and use to polish silver plates, flatware, and vases. Rinse and dry when you are finished polishing.

34. Get scuff marks off of walls. Sprinkle some baking soda onto a clean, damp rag, and you’ll be able to get most anything off of your walls with a bit of elbow grease. Wipe the wall with a clean cloth or sponge when you are finished.

35. Get the dirt off of produce. When washing your fruits and vegetables, sprinkle a bit of baking soda onto a clean, wet washcloth, rub gently, then rinse thoroughly.

36. Keep ants out of your home. Sprinkle a bit of baking soda along the doors of your home, and any crevices that may be letting in ants. This helps to keep these critters at bay. Baking soda can help to repel cockroaches, as well.

37. Polish your faucets. Add some baking soda to a damp sponge and use to polish your bathroom and kitchen faucets. Buff dry with a washcloth or clean rag, and enjoy the shine.

38. Clean your microwave. To get the grease and grime out of your microwave, simply wipe it down, inside and out, with a damp cloth sprinkled with baking soda.

39. Clean your coffee maker. Add a teaspoon of baking soda to a full pot of water, and run through your coffee maker to clean it. Follow up with a full pot of pure water to rinse.

40. Get the smell out of your mugs. Do you have coffee mugs or teacups that have built up a bit of an odor from repeated use? Mix a quarter cup of baking soda with about a quart of warm water, and pour into affected cups and mugs. Soak overnight before washing and the smell should be gone.

41. Melt driveway ice. Out of road salt? Sprinkle some baking soda on your doorstep or walkway to melt the slippery stuff.

42. Clean your car. Instead of the wide array of chemical-laden car cleaning products, you can clean your car with baking soda instead. Mix about a quarter cup into about a quart of warm water, dip in a cleaning rag, and use to clean the interior of your car.

43. Rev up your metabolism. Add half a teaspoon of baking soda to a daily cup of organic green teato help keep your body alkaline and encourage your body’s fat-burning processes.

44. Make a great pre-workout drink. Heat seven cups of coconut water in a pot over low heat. Dissolve 1/4 teaspoon of baking soda into the coconut water. Add 1/2 teaspoon natural sea salt, 1/2 cup fresh lemon juice, and 1/4 cup raw honey. Pour into a large jar and shake well. Drink before a workout togive you energy and help keep lactic acid at bay. You can store this mixture for a week in the fridge.

workout-boost

45. Recover after a workout. For a twist on the above-listed workout drink, simply mix together 4 cups of water, 1/2 teaspoon baking soda, 1 teaspoon of sea salt, and 1 tablespoon of fresh lime or lemon juice. This beverage can help to fight fatigue and help you recover faster.

BASICS OF CHEMISTRY

 

How to name organic compounds using the IUPAC rules

In order to name organic compounds you must first memorize a few basic names. These names are listed within the discussion of naming alkanes. In general, the base part of the name reflects the number of carbons in what you have assigned to be the parent chain. The suffix of the name reflects the type(s) of functional group(s) present on (or within) the parent chain. Other groups which are attached to the parent chain are called substituents.

  • Alkanes – saturated hydrocarbons
    The names of the straight chain saturated hydrocarbons for up to a 12 carbon chain are shown below. The names of the substituents formed by the removal of one hydrogen from the end of the chain is obtained by changing the suffix –ane to –yl.

 

Number of Carbons Name
1 methane
2 ethane
3 propane
4 butane
5 pentane
6 hexane
7 heptane
8 octane
9 nonane
10 decane
11 undecane
12 dodecane

There are a few common branched substituents which you should memorize. These are shown below.

Here is a simple list of rules to follow. Some examples are given at the end of the list.

  1. Identify the longest carbon chain. This chain is called the parent chain.
  2. Identify all of the substituents (groups appending from the parent chain).
  3. Number the carbons of the parent chain from the end that gives the substituents the lowest numbers. When compairing a series of numbers, the series that is the “lowest” is the one which contains the lowest number at the occasion of the first difference. If two or more side chains are in equivalent positions, assign the lowest number to the one which will come first in the name.
  4. If the same substituent occurs more than once, the location of each point on which the substituent occurs is given. In addition, the number of times the substituent group occurs is indicated by a prefix (di, tri, tetra, etc.).
  5. If there are two or more different substituents they are listed in alphabetical order using the base name (ignore the prefixes). The only prefix which is used when putting the substituents in alphabetical order is iso as in isopropyl or isobutyl. The prefixes sec- and tert- are not used in determining alphabetical order except when compared with each other.
  6. If chains of equal length are competing for selection as the parent chain, then the choice goes in series to:
    a) the chain which has the greatest number of side chains.
    b) the chain whose substituents have the lowest- numbers.
    c) the chain having the greatest number of carbon atoms in the smaller side chain.
    d)the chain having the least branched side chains.
  7. A cyclic (ring) hydrocarbon is designated by the prefix cyclo-which appears directly in front of the base name.

In summary, the name of the compound is written out with the substituents in alphabetical order followed by the base name (derived from the number of carbons in the parent chain). Commas are used between numbers and dashes are used between letters and numbers. There are no spaces in the name.

Here are some examples:

 

  • Alkyl halides
    The halogen is treated as a substituent on an alkane chain. The halo- substituent is considered of equal rank with an alkyl substituent in the numbering of the parent chain. The halogens are represented as follows:

 

 

F fluoro-
Cl chloro-
Br bromo-
I iodo-

Here are some examples:

 

  • Alkenes and Alkynes – unsaturated hydrocarbons
    Double bonds in hydrocarbons are indicated by replacing the suffix -anewith -ene. If there is more than one double bond, the suffix is expanded to include a prefix that indicates the number of double bonds present (-adiene, -atriene, etc.). Triple bonds are named in a similar way using the suffix -yne. The position of the multiple bond(s) within the parent chain is(are) indicated by placing the number(s) of the first carbon of the multiple bond(s) directly in front of the base name.

 

Here is an important list of rules to follow:

  1. The parent chain is numbered so that the multiple bonds have the lowest numbers (double and triple bonds have priority over alkyl and halo substituents).
  2. When both double and triple bonds are present, numbers as low as possible are given to double and triple bonds even though this may at times give “-yne” a lower number than “-ene”. When there is a choice in numbering, the double bonds are given the lowest numbers.
  3. When both double and triple bonds are present, the -en suffix follows the parent chain directly and the -yne suffix follows the -en suffix (notice that the e is left off, -en instead of -ene). The location of the double bond(s) is(are) indicated before the parent name as before, and the location of the triple bond(s) is(are) indicated between the -en and -yne suffixes. See below for examples.
  4. For a branched unsaturated acyclic hydrocarbon, the parent chain is the longest carbon chain that contains the maximum number of double and triple bonds. If there are two or more chains competing for selection as the parent chain (chain with the most multiple bonds), the choice goes to (1) the chain with the greatest number of carbon atoms, (2) the # of carbon atoms being equal, the chain containing the maximum number of double bonds.
  5. If there is a choice in numbering not previously covered, the parent chain is numbered to give the substituents the lowest number at the first point of difference.

Here are some examples:

 

  • Alcohols
    Alcohols are named by replacing the suffix -ane with -anol. If there is more than one hydroxyl group (-OH), the suffix is expanded to include a prefix that indicates the number of hydroxyl groups present (-anediol, -anetriol, etc.). The position of the hydroxyl group(s) on the parent chain is(are) indicated by placing the number(s) corresponding to the location(s) on the parent chain directly in front of the base name (same as alkenes).

 

Here is an important list of rules to follow:

  1. The hydroxyl group takes precedence over alkyl groups and halogen substituents, as well as double bonds, in the numbering of the parent chain.
  2. When both double bonds and hydroxyl groups are present, the -en suffix follows the parent chain directly and the -ol suffix follows the -en suffix (notice that the e is left off, -en instead of -ene). The location of the double bond(s) is(are) indicated before the parent name as before, and the location of the hydroxyl group(s) is(are) indicated between the -en and -ol suffixes. See below for examples. Again, the hydroxyl gets priority in the numbering of the parent chain.
  3. If there is a choice in numbering not previously covered, the parent chain is numbered to give the substituents the lowest number at the first point of difference.

Here are some examples:

 

  • Ethers
    You are only expected to know how to name ethers by their commmon names. The two alkyl groups attached to the oxygen are put in alphabetical order with spaces between the names and they are followed by the word ether. The prefix di- is used if both alkyl groups are the same.

 

Here are some examples:

 

  • Aldehydes
    Aldehydes are named by replacing the suffix -ane with -anal. If there is more than one -CHO group, the suffix is expanded to include a prefix that indicates the number of -CHO groups present (-anedial – there should not be more than 2 of these groups on the parent chain as they must occur at the ends). It is not necessary to indicate the position of the -CHO group because this group will be at the end of the parent chain and its carbon is automatically assigned as C-1.

 

Here is an important list of rules to follow:

  1. The carbonyl group takes precedence over alkyl groups and halogen substituents, as well as double bonds, in the numbering of the parent chain.
  2. When both double bonds and carbonyl groups are present, the -en suffix follows the parent chain directly and the -al suffix follows the -en suffix (notice that the e is left off, -en instead of -ene). The location of the double bond(s) is(are) indicated before the parent name as before, and the -al suffix follows the -en suffix directly. Remember it is not necessary to specify the location of the carbonyl group because it will automatically be carbon #1. See below for examples. Again, the carbonyl gets priority in the numbering of the parent chain.
  3. There are a couple of common names which are acceptable as IUPAC names. They are shown in the examples at the end of this list but at this point these names will not be accepted by the computer. Eventually they will be accepted.
  4. If there is a choice in numbering not previously covered, the parent chain is numbered to give the substituents the lowest number at the first point of difference.

Here are some examples:

 

  • Ketones
    Ketones are named by replacing the suffix -ane with -anone. If there is more than one carbonyl group (C=O), the suffix is expanded to include a prefix that indicates the number of carbonyl groups present (-anedione,-anetrione, etc.). The position of the carbonyl group(s) on the parent chain is(are) indicated by placing the number(s) corresponding to the location(s) on the parent chain directly in front of the base name (same as alkenes).

 

Here is an important list of rules to follow:

  1. The carbonyl group takes precedence over alkyl groups and halogen substituents, as well as double bonds, in the numbering of the parent chain.
  2. When both double bonds and carbonyl groups are present, the -en suffix follows the parent chain directly and the -one suffix follows the -en suffix (notice that the e is left off, -en instead of -ene). The location of the double bond(s) is(are) indicated before the parent name as before, and the location of the carbonyl group(s) is(are) indicated between the -en and -one suffixes. See below for examples. Again, the carbonyl gets priority in the numbering of the parent chain.
  3. If there is a choice in numbering not previously covered, the parent chain is numbered to give the substituents the lowest number at the first point of difference.

Here are some examples:

 

  • Carboxylic Acids
    Carboxylic acids are named by counting the number of carbons in the longest continuous chain including the carboxyl group and by replacing the suffix -ane of the corresponding alkane with -anoic acid. If there are two -COOH groups, the suffix is expanded to include a prefix that indicates the number of -COOH groups present (-anedioic acid – there should not be more than 2 of these groups on the parent chain as they must occur at the ends). It is not necessary to indicate the position of the -COOH group because this group will be at the end of the parent chain and its carbon is automatically assigned as C-1.

 

Here is an important list of rules to follow:

  1. The carboxyl group takes precedence over alkyl groups and halogen substituents, as well as double bonds, in the numbering of the parent chain.
  2. If the carboxyl group is attached to a ring the parent ring is named and the suffix -carboxylic acid is added.
  3. When both double bonds and carboxyl groups are present, the -en suffix follows the parent chain directly and the -oic acid suffix follows the -en suffix (notice that the e is left off, -en instead of -ene). The location of the double bond(s) is(are) indicated before the parent name as before, and the -oic acid suffix follows the -en suffix directly. Remember it is not necessary to specify the location of the carboxyl group because it will automatically be carbon #1. See below for examples. Again, the carboxyl gets priority in the numbering of the parent chain.
  4. There are several common names which are acceptable as IUPAC names. They are shown in the examples at the end of this list butat this point these names will not be accepted by the computer. Eventually they will be accepted.
  5. If there is a choice in numbering not previously covered, the parent chain is numbered to give the substituents the lowest number at the first point of difference.

Here are some examples:

 

  • Esters
    Systematic names of esters are based on the name of the corresponding carboxylic acid. Remember esters look like this:

 


The alkyl group is named like a substituent using the -yl ending. This is followed by a space. The acyl portion of the name (what is left over) is named by replacing the -ic acid suffix of the corresponding carboxylic acid with -ate.Here are some examples:

  • Amines
    You are only expected to know how to name amines by their common names . They are named like ethers, the alkyl (R) groups attached to the nitrogen are put in alphabetical order with no spaces between the names and these are followed by the word amine. The prefixes di- and tri- are used if two or three of the alkyl groups are the same.
    NOTE: Some books put spaces between the parts of the name, but we will not. Follow the examples.

 

Here are some examples:

 

  • Summary of functional groups

     

    Functional group Prefix Suffix
    carboxylic acids none -oic acid
    aldehydes none -al
    ketones none -one
    alchols hydroxy- -ol
    amines amino- -amine
    ethers alkoxy- -ether
    fluorine fluoro- none
    chlorine chloro- none
    bromine bromo- none
    iodine iodo- none

     

 

UK,FRANCE,BELGIUM,NETHERLAND,GERMANY,SWITZERLAND

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Adrenals Fatigue

The problem today is that chronic stress is forcing our adrenals to remain permanently in the “on” position. Many of us are experiencing prolonged, everyday stress which our bodies were not designed to deal with, and which would never have plagued our hunter-gatherer ancestors. These stressors are everywhere and include work troubles, family pressures, financial concerns, commuting frustration, relationship issues and environmental toxins from things like exhaust smoke, VOCs from our homes and chemicals in our food and personal products. These everyday things which we take for granted are telling our brain that we are under constant pressure, which then forces our adrenals to keep producing more and more of these stress hormones to “deal” with the problem.

The result is adrenal fatigue, which can lead to major health issues like excessive weight gain, chronic tiredness and compromised immunity. If you’re on of those people I described above, the ones who are constantly plagued by stress, chances are you have adrenal fatigue, and chances are it’s really impinging upon your health and happiness. Here are 11 signs to look out for.

1. Trouble sleeping

Not only are you having trouble falling asleep even though you’re tired, you’re also having troublestaying asleep. People with adrenal fatigue have trouble attaining sufficiently restful sleep and so their body becomes even more ravaged over time.

2. Rapid mood swings

Adrenal fatigue can run rampant with your emotions and is most often associated with people who get irritated easily or are quick to anger. Sometimes these people might not even know why they got angry in the first place, and have difficulty curbing their negative feelings once they’ve been unleashed.

3. Feelings of anxiousness

Interspersed with those rapid swings could be periods where you’re beset with unfathomable depression or anxiety. That’s the cortisol working its wily ways on your brain.

4. Food cravings

A classic symptom of adrenal overload is the production of excessive levels of blood sugar and insulin, leading to insulin resistance (the precursor to diabetes). This resistance causes us to be at the mercy of frequent and strong sugar, salt and fat cravings. Next time you find yourself reaching for those sugary snacks, think why you crave them in the first place!

5. Weight gain

Exercising regularly, eating well but still gaining weight? A little more cushion around the midriff or rump could signify that you have adrenal fatigue, on account of that insulin resistance I talked about previously. Plus all that exercising is only going to stress your adrenals out more, exacerbating the situation.

6. A bad case of 3.30itis

Do you find yourself getting really tired between 3 and 4 in the afternoon or gravitating towards the coffee machine? This is one sign that you could be suffering from adrenal fatigue.

7. Lowered immunity

If you find yourself succumbing to colds and the flu more often than you used to, you’re having a lot more trouble recovering from being sick, or your cuts and scratches become infected easily, you could be suffering from adrenal fatigue.

8. Reduced digestive capacity

Another symptom of adrenal overload or fatigue can manifest itself in compromised digestion. This can involve increased intolerance to foods, gas, bloating or cramps after eating, and regular constipation or difficulty moving your bowels.

9. Hormonal imbalance

You’re thinking, “well duh!” but the chronic and excessive production of those stress hormones can imbalance the production of other vital hormones in your body. This can result in issues like infertility, lack of libido, intense acne breakouts and thyroid problems.

10. Cognitive issues

Suffering from gaps in your memory, or struggling to cram in extra information at work or study? It could be on account of exhausted adrenals.

11. Dark circles under your eyes

While it’s true that adrenal fatigue can affect your sleep, dark circles under your eyes are in large part due to a disruption in blood circulation — something that can be caused by the dehydration and emotional stress of adrenal fatigue.

How to fight adrenal fatigue

Unfortunately, there’s no “magical cure” or wondrous supplement which can treat your adrenal fatigue and get your body back into the groove of things again. That’s the bad news. The good news is that allowing your adrenals to recuperate is simpler than you might have thought. It involves simply taking time out, time away from your fast-paced life and a break from the constant stress of work, money and life in general.

Consider taking up meditation, cultivating mindfulness and embracing constant movement throughout your day. All of these practices can provide some much-needed relaxation time both for your body and your brain, briefly halting those stress signals being constantly sent from your brain to your adrenals and allowing them to recharge.

Other big things you can do to help your adrenals is getting plenty of sleep, eating filling, wholesome meals while avoiding sugary or sodium-rich snacks and cutting back on your caffeine intake. Keep in mind that exercise is good, but too much can harm your adrenals even more, as intense and prolonged exercise promotes the production of cortisol which, as we know, puts pressure on the adrenals. Look after your body and your adrenals will thank you!

Nanotech

Teslaphoresis
Scientists from Rice University have developed a way to make carbon nanotubes self-assemble in a dish using a powerful Tesla coil transformer circuit.Similar to graphene, carbon nanotubes are considered “supermaterials” with many potential applications but they have yet to be implemented on a wide scale. This new development will allow scientists to build circuits without actually touching them, marking a major step forward for potential uses of the material.

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The Body Electric
The beating of our hearts, the rush of our blood and the myriad chemical reactions that keep us alive are all potential energy sources. Experts are working to develop technologies that take advantage of the powerful biological ecosystems we already carry around with us.Engineers at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign and Northwestern University teamed up with cardiologists at the University of Arizona to develop what they call piezoelectric nanoribbons, which attach to the outside of the heart muscle, much like a Band-Aid. These tiny strips contain crystals that create an electric current when flexed — each time the heart expands and contracts. In animal tests, electrical output reached 0.2 microwatts per square centimeter, potentially strong enough to power self-contained pacemakers and make battery-replacement surgeries a thing of the past.

A thin strip with piezoelectric power generators can convert this cow heart’s movements into electrical power to run pacemakers or other medical devices.

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Nanotech transforms cotton fibers into modern marvel
A Cornell University lab is applying nanotechnology to make textiles do a whole range of new and useful tricks.
Chemical and biomolecular engineer Juan Hinestroza and his team in the textiles nanotechnology lab are adding tiny bits of metal into fibrous material like cotton. When woven into a textile, the augmented yarn can produce light, kill disease-causing microbes or act as a filter to trap harmful gas. In addition, the metal oxides allow the yarn to be fashioned into conductive components like transistors for electronics.
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Nano memory cell can mimic the brain’s long-term memory
Researchers at the MicroNano Research Facility (MNRF) have built the one of the world’s first electronic multi-state memory cell which mirrors the brain’s ability to simultaneously process and store multiple strands of information.The development brings them closer to imitating key electronic aspects of the human brain – a vital step towards creating a bionic brain – which could help unlock successful treatments for common neurological conditions such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases.

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3-D DNA structures
MIT biological engineers have created a new computer model that allows them to design the most complex three-dimensional DNA shapes ever produced, including rings, bowls, and geometric structures such as icosahedrons that resemble viral particles.“The general idea is to spatially organize proteins, chromophores, RNAs, and nanoparticles with nanometer-scale precision using DNA. The precise nanometer-scale control that we have over 3-D architecture is what is centrally unique in this approach,” says Bathe, the senior author of a paper describing the new design approach in the Dec. 3 issue of Nature Communications.

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Nanotech

NASA Eyes First Carbon Nanotube Mirrors for CubeSat Telescope
Carbon nanotechnology may soon be making its way to space aboard a CubeSat in the form of a mirror made of a carbon nanotube resin. Developed by researchers at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center, the mirror is designed to be used in a lightweight telescope that that will include spectrometers in the UV, visible, and near-IR wavelengths. So far, the 3 inch diameter mirrors are just prototypes, but their light weight, stability, and not needing to be polished could make them a relatively cheap alternatives to traditional mirrors.
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Microbots can clean up polluted water
Swarms of graphene-coated nanobots could be our best hope yet of cleaning up the murky oceans, with scientists demonstrating that new microscopic underwater warriors can remove up to 95 percent of lead in wastewater in just 1 hour.By 2050, it’s estimated that there will be more plastic than fish in the world’s oceans, and waste metals such as lead, arsenic, mercury, cadmium, and chromium are affecting the delicate ecological balance that will make things very difficult for any animal that relies on it for food – including humans – in the near future.Developed by an international team of researchers, the newly developed nanobots have three key components: a graphene oxide exterior to absorb lead (or another heavy metal); a nickel core that enables researchers to control the nanobots’ movement via a magnetic field; and an inner platinum coating that functions as an engine and propels the bots forward via a chemical reaction with hydrogen peroxide.

Once they’ve made one pass, the nanobots – which are smaller than the width of a human hair – can be deployed again for further sweeps.

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LSU researchers develop ‘holy grail’ eye drop to prevent, treat cataracts without surgery
LSU AgCenter scientists have formulated a nanoparticle matrix that could be used in eye drops to both prevent and treat cataracts, a leading cause of vision loss in older adults.Professor Cristina Sabliov and assistant professor Carlos Astete in the AgCenter Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering have found a way to use nanoparticles to efficiently deliver hydrophobic lutein and enhance its stability and antioxidant properties so it can be used effectively in eye drops.Lutein is a naturally occurring yellow pigment known as a carotenoid. It can be found in numerous plants, including yellow flowers and corn, as well as egg yolks and animal fats.

Lutein can also be found in the human eye. Studies have shown that dietary supplements can help replenish ocular lutein. But treatments using lutein have been limited in the past by the substance’s poor water solubility, its susceptibility to degradation and low absorption efficiency.

“The nanoparticle matrix can deliver lutein to the eye efficiently as an eye drop formulation,” Sabliov said. “Direct application of lutein to the eye in this formulation improves its effect against cataracts.”

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Quadrapeutics combines lasers, X-rays, gold nanoparticles, and chemo drugs to kill aggressive cancers.
Researchers at Rice University have developed an approach that combines all four technologies to effectively kill aggressive cancer cells by literally exploding them. They dubbed the technology quadrapeutics, which significantly amplifies the killing effect of anti-cancer drugs and chemo, but only in cancer cells.The technique harnesses plasmonic nanobubbles, tiny droplets of vapor that form around plasmonic gold nanoparticles, which can then pop and try to destroy the cell from within. If it doesn’t, the explosion causes the delivered drug to be spread through the cells and the effect of the chemotherapy also becomes more pronounced. The three modes of action combine to be effective even against aggressive tumors.
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